Ear infections in adults fall into three categories, depending on the part of the ear they affect:
- Inner ear
- Middle ear or otitis media
- Outer ear or ear canal infection
They can be either bacterial or viral infections.
Inner ear sends information about sound to your brain. Infections of the inner ear are primarily viral.
The middle ear includes the eardrum and the space behind it where three bones help conduct sound waves. Middle ear infections are most common as blockage and fluid trap occur.
Outer ear infections affect adults more often than children and can be painful without treatment.
Ear infections can be painful due to swelling or fluid build-up and clear up on their own.
Ear Infection Symptoms
Common symptoms of ear infections include:
- Ear pain
- Difficulty in hearing
- Loss of balance
- Headache
- Elevated temperature
- Trouble sleeping
- Loss of appetite
- Watery discharge from ears
Usually, ear infections last fewer than three days, but they can persist for up to a week.
What Causes an Ear Infection?
Ear infections can be caused by a variety of factors, including viruses or bacteria that invade the ear canal or middle ear. The resulting inflammation and fluid build-up can cause ear pain, which can range from mild to severe.
Other causes include:
- Cold
- Sinus Infections
- Mucus Secretion
- Change In Air Pressure
- Allergies
- Smoking
With the current work-from-home scenario, increased usage of earphones can also lead to ear infections.
Who Are at Risk for Ear Infections?
Factors increasing the risk of ear infections are:
- Family history
- Cold
- Allergies
- Altitude changes
- Conditions that require long term antibiotic use
- Exposure to cigarette smoke
- Diabetes
- HIV
What Are The Complications of Ear Infections?
Ear infections can also spread to other parts of the ear, head, or neck without effective treatment.
Ear infections can also cause:
- Mastoiditis (Bone infection behind the ear)
- Permanent hearing loss
- Persistent balance issues
- Long-term vertigo (Sense of spinning even you are still)
- Brain abscess (Pus filled swelling)
Conclusion
Ear infections are a common health problem, particularly among children. They are caused by bacteria or viruses and can result in symptoms such as ear pain, fever, and difficulty hearing. Preventive measures, such as practicing good hygiene, avoiding smoking, and getting vaccinated, can help reduce the risk of developing an ear infection. If you suspect that you or your child has an ear infection.
